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Commit 81a02009 authored by Tor-Einar Skog's avatar Tor-Einar Skog
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# DOWNCASTModel # DOWNCASTModel
This repository contains the implementation of the DOWNCAST model. <p>DOWNCAST was developed by de Visser (1998) in the Netherlands. It calculates infection risk of <em>Peronospora destructor</em> (Onion Downy Mildew) using weather data. An actual infection requires present inoculum. Criteria for sporulation and infection must be met for the model to issue a high infection risk (red alert).</p>
<p>Sporulation events are calculated based on high (over 92%) nightly relative humidity (RH). Sporulation may occur at temperatures between 4 and 26&nbsp;&deg;C (optimally 12-20 &deg;C). A sporulation index of 1-3 is calculated based on the high RH and temperature duration, where an index of 3 indicates optimal sporulation conditions. Sporulation events are not expected to occur if it's been raining between 00:00 and 06:00 AM, or the previous day was very warm, with several hours above 27 &deg;C.</p>
<p>Infection events are based on leaf wetness. A direct infection requires a minimum of 2 hours of leaf wetness the morning after sporulation (optimum temperature 6-16 &deg;C). Delayed&nbsp;infections may occur as long as 72 hours after sporulation, given at least 144 minutes of leaf wetness during a 3-hour period. It is assumed that all the spores germinate simultaneously, thus only one infection event can occur after a sporulation event.</p>
<p>Short periods of leaf wetness (90-150 minutes during a 5 hour period) may&nbsp;cause the spores to germinate and die. Under these circumstances we have a failed infection, and the potential infection event is cancelled. A later infection event requires a new sporulation event.</p>
<p>A sporulation event triggers a yellow alert&nbsp;(possible infection risk). A sporulation event followed by an infection event within 72 hours triggers a red alert (high infection risk).</p>
<h2>Literature</h2>
<p>de Visser, C.L.M. 1998. Development of a downy mildew advisory model based on downcast. European Journal of Plant Pathology 104: 933-943.</p>
<h2>Forecast interpretation (Norway)</h2>
<p>In Norway, Peronospora destructor normally occurs in the late summer, if at all. A spraying decision should therefore be based on an assessment of present inoculum. Spraying more than every 10th day is normally not necessary, but with frequent alerts and inoculum detected, a spraying interval close to 7 days may be considered.</p>
<p><img src="src/main/resources/images/lokbladskimmel.jpg" title="Peronospora destructor in spring onion. (Photo: Arne Hermansen, NIBIO)"/></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
### Development ### Development
......
...@@ -11,14 +11,14 @@ ...@@ -11,14 +11,14 @@
<groupId>no.nibio.vips.model</groupId> <groupId>no.nibio.vips.model</groupId>
<artifactId>DOWNCASTModel</artifactId> <artifactId>DOWNCASTModel</artifactId>
<version>1.1.2</version> <version>1.1.3-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging> <packaging>jar</packaging>
<dependencies> <dependencies>
<dependency> <dependency>
<groupId>no.nibio.vips</groupId> <groupId>no.nibio.vips</groupId>
<artifactId>VIPSCommon</artifactId> <artifactId>VIPSCommon</artifactId>
<version>2.0.1</version> <version>2.0.2</version>
</dependency> </dependency>
<dependency> <dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId> <groupId>junit</groupId>
......
...@@ -130,22 +130,23 @@ public class DOWNCASTModel extends I18nImpl implements Model { ...@@ -130,22 +130,23 @@ public class DOWNCASTModel extends I18nImpl implements Model {
@Override @Override
public String getLicense() { public String getLicense() {
return "\n" + return
"Copyright (c) 2016 NIBIO <http://www.nibio.no/>. \n" + " Copyright (c) 2016 NIBIO <http://www.nibio.no/>. \n" +
"\n" + " \n" +
"This file is part of DOWNCASTModel.\n" + " This file is part of DOWNCASTModel.\n" +
"DOWNCASTModel is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify\n" + " This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify\n" +
"it under the terms of the NIBIO Open Source License as published by \n" + " it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by\n" +
"NIBIO, either version 1 of the License, or (at your option) any\n" + " the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or\n" +
"later version.\n" + " (at your option) any later version.\n" +
"\n" + " \n" +
"DOWNCASTModel is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,\n" + " This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,\n" +
"but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of\n" + " but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of\n" +
"MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the\n" + " MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the\n" +
"NIBIO Open Source License for more details.\n" + " GNU Affero General Public License for more details.\n" +
"\n" + " \n" +
"You should have received a copy of the NIBIO Open Source License\n" + " You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License\n" +
"along with DOWNCASTModel. If not, see <http://www.nibio.no/licenses/>."; " along with this program. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.\n" +
" \n" ;
} }
@Override @Override
......
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